Display panel and display device

ABSTRACT

A display panel includes a first substrate on which an electrode line and a switching element are disposed, a second substrate positioned opposite the first substrate, a seal provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, a pad electrode that vertically overlaps the seal and is electrically connected to the electrode line, and a side electrode which is connected to one end of the pad electrode and includes a portion positioned on an exterior facing side of the seal.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to KoreanApplication Nos. 10-2013-0056499, 10-2013-0056507 and 10-2013-0056515filed in Korea on May 20, 2013, whose entire disclosures are herebyincorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

Embodiments relate to a display panel and a display device.

2. Background

Various different types of display devices, such as liquid crystaldisplays (LCDs), plasma display panels (PDPs), electroluminescentdisplays (ELDs), and vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs), may beconsidered to meet various demands for display devices in variousdifferent applications and environments. A liquid crystal display panelof the liquid crystal display may include a liquid crystal layer, and athin film transistor (TFT) substrate and a color filter substrate whichare positioned opposite each other with the liquid crystal layerinterposed therebetween. The liquid crystal display panel may display animage using light provided by a backlight device of the liquid crystaldisplay.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The embodiments will be described in detail with reference to thefollowing drawings in which like reference numerals refer to likeelements wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a display panel according to an exemplary embodimentas broadly described herein;

FIGS. 2 to 32 illustrate a method for manufacturing a display panel anda structure of the display panel, in accordance with embodiments asbroadly described herein;

FIGS. 33 to 62 illustrate a flexible substrate connected to a side of adisplay panel, in accordance with embodiments as broadly describedherein;

FIGS. 63 to 74 illustrate a display device according to anotherexemplary embodiment as broadly described herein; and

FIG. 75 illustrates exemplary electronic equipment including a displaydevice in accordance with embodiments as broadly described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments, examples ofwhich are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Since embodimentsmay be modified in various ways and may have various forms, specificembodiments are illustrated in the drawings and are described in detailfor purposes of explanation and illustration. However, it should beunderstood that embodiments are not limited to the specific disclosedembodiments, but include all modifications, equivalents and substitutesincluded within the spirit and technical scope as broadly describedherein.

The terms ‘first’, ‘second’, etc. may be used to describe variouscomponents, but the components are not limited by such terms. The termsare used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from othercomponents. For example, a first component may be designated as a secondcomponent without departing from the scope as broadly described herein.In the same manner, the second component may be designated as the firstcomponent.

The term “and/or” encompasses both combinations of the plurality ofrelated items disclosed and any item from among the plurality of relateditems disclosed.

When an arbitrary component is described as “being connected to “or”being linked to” another component, this should be understood to meanthat still another component(s) may exist between them, although thearbitrary component may be directly connected to, or linked to, thesecond component. In contrast, when an arbitrary component is describedas “being directly connected to” or “being directly linked to” anothercomponent, this should be understood to mean that no component existsbetween them.

Terminology as used herein may be directed to specific embodiments orexamples, but is not intended to be limiting. A singular expression mayinclude a plural expression as long as it does not have an apparentlydifferent meaning in context.

The terms “include” and “have” may be understood to designate thatillustrated features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts orcombinations thereof exist and not to preclude the existence of one ormore different features, numbers, steps, operations, components, partsor combinations thereof, or the possibility of the addition thereof.

Unless otherwise specified, all of the terms which are used herein,including the technical or scientific terms, have the same meanings asthose that are generally understood by a person having ordinaryknowledge in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The termsdefined in a generally used dictionary may be understood to have thesame meanings as those used in the context of the related art, and arenot to be construed to have ideal or excessively formal meanings unlessthey are obviously specified as such.

The following exemplary embodiments are provided to those skilled in theart for completeness. Accordingly, shapes and sizes of elements shown inthe drawings may be exaggerated for clarity.

As shown in FIG. 1, a display panel 10 as embodied and broadly describedherein may include a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 110which are positioned opposite each other. A liquid crystal layer may bedisposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110.

Electrode lines EL may be disposed on the first substrate 100. Theelectrode lines EL may include gate lines GL and data lines DL crossingthe gate lines GL. The electrode lines EL may be referred to aselectrode wirings. The gate lines GL may extend in a direction DR2, andthe data lines DL may extend in a direction DR3 crossing the directionDR2.

Switching elements T may be respectively disposed at crossings of thegate lines GL and the data lines DL of the first substrate 100. Pixelelectrodes P electrically connected to the switching elements T may bedisposed on the first substrate 100. The switching element T may beimplemented as a thin film transistor (TFT). Further, the switchingelements T may be arranged on the first substrate 100 in a matrix form.Each of the gate line GL and the data line DL may be electricallyconnected to the switching element T.

The first substrate 100 may be referred to as an array substrate.

A color filter 111 may be disposed on the second substrate 110. Thecolor filter 111 may include a red area (R), a green area (G), and ablue area (B).

In certain embodiments, a black matrix layer for dividing a pixel areamay be formed on the second substrate 110.

In certain embodiments, another electrode, for example, a commonelectrode may be disposed on the second substrate 110.

The second substrate 110 may be referred to as a color filter substrate.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the first substrate 100, on which the electrodelines EL and the switching elements T are formed, and the secondsubstrate 110 may be attached to each other using a seal 120. The seal120 may be formed at an edge of at least one of the first substrate 100or the second substrate 110. Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 2B, a liquidcrystal layer 130 may be inserted into an area between the firstsubstrate 100 and the second substrate 110 which are attached to eachother by the seal 120.

As shown in FIG. 3A, an edge of the display panel may then be cut alonga cutting line CL. The first substrate 100, the second substrate 110,and the seal 120 may be partially cut in a cutting process. Hence, asshown in FIG. 3B, after the cutting process, ends of the first substrate100, the second substrate 110, and the seal 120 may be aligned along astraight line. As described above, when the edge of the display panel iscut and removed, a size of a bezel area may be reduced.

A cutting position of the display panel may be changed depending on astructure of the electrode lines EL disposed on the first substrate 100.For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the first substrate 100 and thesecond substrate 110 are attached to each other, areas around first longsides LS1 of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110 may becut along a second cutting line CL2, and areas around second short sidesSS2 of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110 may be cutalong a first cutting line CL1. In this instance, pad electrodes may bedisposed in the areas around the first long sides LS1 and the secondshort sides SS2 of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the first substrate 100 and thesecond substrate 110 are attached to each other, areas around the firstlong sides LS1 of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110may be cut along the second cutting line CL2, areas around second longsides LS2 of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110 may becut along a fourth cutting line CL4, areas around first short sides SS1of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110 may be cut alonga third cutting line CL3, and areas around the second short sides SS2 ofthe first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110 may be cut alongthe first cutting line CL1.

In this instance, although not shown, the pad electrodes may be disposedin each of the areas around the first long sides LS1, the second longsides LS2, the first short sides SS1, and the second short sides SS2 ofthe first substrate 100 and the second substrate 110.

As shown in FIG. 5A, after the edge of the display panel is cut, theside of the cut display panel may be ground using a grinder 200. Hence,as shown in FIG. 5B, the side of the display panel may be smoothlyprocessed. As a result, structural stability of at least one of thefirst substrate 100 or the second substrate 110 may be improved.

As shown in FIG. 6, a pad electrode ELP may be disposed at the edge ofthe first substrate 100. The pad electrode ELP may be electricallyconnected to the electrode line EL. For example, a data pad electrodeDLP electrically connected to the data line DL may be disposed in thearea around the second long side LS2 of the first substrate 100, and agate pad electrode GLP electrically connected to the gate line GL may bedisposed in the area around the second short side SS2 of the firstsubstrate 100. The pad electrode ELP may be positioned at an end of atleast one side of the electrode line EL. The pad electrode ELP and theelectrode line EL may be formed as a single body. Alternatively, afterthe pad electrode ELP and the electrode line EL are separately formed,the pad electrode ELP may be electrically connected to the electrodeline EL.

The seal 120 may be formed at a position overlapping the pad electrodeELP, i.e., the data pad electrode DLP and the gate pad electrode GLP. Inother words, the data pad electrode DLP and the gate pad electrode GLPmay be disposed at a position overlapping the seal 120 in a verticaldirection crossing the direction DR2 and the direction DR3.

In the following description, a first direction DR1 may be, for example,a vertical direction, and the second direction DR2 and the thirddirection DR3 may both be oriented orthogonal to the first directionDR1, for example, a horizontal direction, with the second and thirddirections DR2 and DR3 crossing each other.

An area in which the seal is formed 120 may be referred to as a dummyarea DA. An area bounded or enclosed by the dummy area DA may bereferred to as an active area AA. The active area AA may be an area onwhich an image is displayed.

A width of the pad electrode ELP may be greater than a width of theelectrode line EL.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a width W1 of the gate padelectrode GLP may be greater than a width W2 of the gate line GL, and awidth W3 of the data pad electrode DLP may be greater than a width W4 ofthe data line DL. In this instance, an electrical connection between thegate pad electrode GLP and the data pad electrode DLP and a flexiblesubstrate may be easily established.

In the exemplary embodiment described hereinafter the width of the padelectrode ELP is assumed to be greater than the width of the electrodeline EL. However, in alternative embodiments the width of the padelectrode ELP may be almost equal to the width of the electrode line EL.

An insulating layer for insulating the electrode line EL may be disposedon the first substrate 100.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the data line DL and the data padelectrode DLP may be formed on the first substrate 100. Afterwards, asshown in FIG. 8B, a first insulating layer 140A covering the data lineDL and the data pad electrode DLP may be formed on the first substrate100.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9A, the gate line GL and the gate pad electrodeGLP may be formed on the first substrate 100, on which the firstinsulating layer 140A is formed. For example, the gate line GL may beformed on the first insulating layer 140A, and the gate pad electrodeGLP may be formed on the first substrate 100. Afterwards, as shown inFIG. 9B, a second insulating layer 140B covering the first insulatinglayer 140A, the gate line GL, and the gate pad electrode GLP may beformed on the first substrate 100. In this instance, the insulatinglayer, i.e., the second insulating layer 140B may be positioned betweenthe gate line GL and the data line DL. Hence, the gate line GL and thedata line DL may be electrically insulated from each other. When thegate line GL and the gate pad electrode GLP are formed as shown in FIGS.9A-9B, at least a portion of the gate line GL may be positioned on alayer different from the gate pad electrode GLP, or at least a portionof the gate pad electrode GLP may be positioned on a layer differentfrom the gate line GL.

In certain embodiments, a process for forming the switching element Tmay be performed between a process for forming the data line DL shown inFIG. 8A and a process for forming the gate line GL shown in FIG. 9A.

In the following description, the first insulating layer 140A and thesecond insulating layer 140B may be commonly referred to as aninsulating layer 140. A structure of the insulating layer 140 is notlimited to this structure. For example, the insulating layer 140 mayhave a three-layered structure or a four-layered structure.

In the cutting process, a portion of the gate pad electrode GLP and aportion of the data pad electrode DLP may be cut along with the firstsubstrate 100, the second substrate 110, and the seal 120, so that theside of the gate pad electrode GLP and the side of the data padelectrode DLP are exposed.

Referring again to FIG. 6, it is assumed that the data pad electrode DLPis disposed on a second long side LS2 of the first substrate 100, andthe gate pad electrode GLP is disposed on a second short side SS2 of thefirst substrate 100. When a second long side LS2 of the display panel 10is cut as shown in FIG. 10A, the side of the data pad electrode DLP maybe exposed between the first substrate 100 and the insulating layer 140as shown in FIG. 10B. In other words, one end of the data pad electrodeDLP may be exposed between the first substrate 100 and the insulatinglayer 140.

When a second short side SS2 of the display panel 10 is cut as shown inFIG. 11A, the side of the gate pad electrode GLP may be exposed betweenthe first substrate 100 and the insulating layer 140 as shown in FIG.11B. In other words, one end of the gate pad electrode GLP may beexposed between the first substrate 100 and the insulating layer 140.

As shown in FIGS. 9A through 10B, one end of the pad electrode ELP andthe end of the seal 120 may be aligned along a straight line. In otherwords, one end of the pad electrode ELP may be the same as the end ofthe seal 120.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 12, a side electrode 150 may be formed onthe side of the cut display panel 10. FIG. 12 illustrates an example inwhich the electrode line EL and the pad electrode ELP are formed on thesame layer, simply for ease of explanation. However, the electrode lineEL and the pad electrode ELP may be formed on different layers, asdescribed above with reference to FIGS. 9A-9B.

The side electrode 150 may be connected to the exposed side (i.e., theend) of the pad electrode ELP in the cuffing process. The side electrode150 may include a portion positioned on the side of the seal 120 as wellas a portion connected to the pad electrode ELP. In this instance, anelectrical connection between the flexible substrate and the sideelectrode 150 may be easily established by increasing an area of theside electrode 150.

The side electrode 150 may include a portion positioned on the side ofthe first substrate 100. The side electrode 150 may include a portionwhich extends further than the first substrate 100, the second substrate110, and the seal 120 by a predetermined distance D1 in the horizontaldirection (i.e., the second direction DR2 or the third direction DR3).In other words the side electrode 150 may include a portion whichextends further than the first substrate 100, the second substrate 110,and the seal part 120 in the horizontal direction (i.e., the seconddirection DR2 and/or the third direction DR3).

The side electrode 150 may have sufficiently high electricalconductivity, so as to efficiently supply a driving signal suppliedthrough the flexible substrate to the pad electrode ELP and theelectrode line EL. Because the side electrode 150 is configured so thatit is connected to at least one end of the pad electrode ELP afterforming the pad electrode ELP and the electrode line EL, electricalresistance may increase at a boundary between the side electrode 150 andthe pad electrode ELP.

The electrical conductivity of the side electrode 150 may be greaterthan electrical conductivity of the pad electrode ELP and the electrodeline EL, so as to compensate for a loss resulting from the electricalresistance generated at the boundary between the side electrode 150 andthe pad electrode ELP. In other words, the side electrode 150 maycontain a material having greater electrical conductivity than that ofthe pad electrode ELP and the electrode line EL. For example, if the padelectrode ELP and the electrode line EL are formed of copper (Cu), theside electrode 150 may be formed of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or gold(Au).

When a quantity of electrical resistance at the boundary between theside electrode 150 and the pad electrode ELP is negligible, theelectrical conductivity of the side electrode 150 may be almost equal tothe electrical conductivity of the pad electrode ELP. In this instance,the pad electrode ELP and the electrode line EL may be formed of thesame material as the side electrode 150.

The side electrode 150 may be formed using various methods. A method forforming the side electrode 150 is described in detail below.

As shown in FIG. 13, an electrode material layer 300 may be formed onthe side of the display panel 10. The electrode material layer 300 maycontain a photosensitive material.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14A, a photomask 310 having a predeterminedpattern may be disposed on the electrode material layer 300. Light, forexample, ultraviolet rays may be irradiated onto the electrode materiallayer 300 through the pattern of the photomask 310. A portion of theelectrode material layer 300, which is exposed to the light by thephotosensitive material, may be hardened.

Next, an etching process or a sandblasting process may be performed toremove a non-hardened portion of the electrode material layer 300 whilea hardened portion of the electrode material layer 300 may remain.Hence, as shown in FIG. 14B, the side electrode 150 may be formed on theside of the display panel 10. The side electrode 150 formed by theexemplary photo process described above may have a form shown in FIG.15.

Alternatively, the side electrode 150 may be formed using an offsetmethod, which will be described below. The offset method is an exampleof a direct patterning printing method.

As shown in FIG. 16A, an electrode material 410 in a paste state or aslurry state may be applied to the surface of a mold 400.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 16B, a blanket 420 may move on the surfaceof the mold 400 to which the electrode material 410 has been applied.Hence, the surface of the blanket 420 may be smeared with the electrodematerial 410.

In certain embodiments, the blanket 420 may have the form of a roller,so that the surface of the blanket 420 may be more efficiently smearedwith the electrode material 410. When the blanket 420 has the form ofthe roller as described above, the surface of the blanket 420 may besmeared with the electrode material 410 while the blanket 420 rotates onthe surface of the mold 400.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 16C, the blanket 420 smeared with theelectrode material 410 may move on the side of the cut display panel 10,and thus the electrode material 410 on the surface of the blanket 420may be printed on the side of the cut display panel 10.

Afterwards, a firing process or a drying process may be performed tocomplete fabrication of the side electrode 150 on the side of thedisplay panel 10.

An example of the side electrode 150 formed in this manner is shown inFIG. 17.

Alternatively, the side electrode 150 may be formed using a platingmethod. Examples of such a plating method may include an electroplatingmethod and an electroless plating method. A method for forming the sideelectrode 150 using the electroplating method is described below.

As shown in FIG. 18A, the display panel 10, of which the edge is cut soas to expose the pad electrode ELP, may be dipped in an electrolytesolution 510. A metal electrode 520 may also be dipped in theelectrolyte solution 510.

As shown in FIG. 18B, when a predetermined voltage is applied to theelectrode line EL or the pad electrode ELP and the metal electrode 520in this state, a metal component 530 included in the electrolytesolution 510 may be deposited on the exposed side of the pad electrodeELP to form the side electrode 150.

For example, when a positive voltage is applied to the metal electrode520 and a negative voltage is applied to the electrode line EL or thepad electrode ELP, the metal component 530 included in the electrolytesolution 510 may be gathered and deposited on the exposed side of thepad electrode ELP.

An example of a side electrode 150 formed in this manner is shown inFIGS. 19A and 19B.

The metal component 530 may contain a material having excellentelectrical conductivity, for example, silver (Ag). In this instance, theside electrode 150 may be formed of silver (Ag).

The size of each particle of the metal component 530 may be severalnanometers that the metal component 530 may be effectively deposited.The electrolyte solution 510 may be, for example, an Ag-acetate aqueoussolution, and a concentration of the electrolyte solution 510 may begreater than or equal to about 0.1 wt %.

Alternatively, a predetermined container 500 may be filled with theelectrolyte solution 510, and a predetermined voltage may be applied tothe container 500. In this instance, the metal electrode 520 may beomitted.

Next, a method for forming the side electrode 150 using an electrolessplating method is described below.

As shown in FIG. 20A, the display panel 10, of which the edge is cut soas to expose the pad electrode ELP, may be dipped in a H2SO4 aqueoussolution. Hence, an oxide layer formed on the exposed surface of the padelectrode ELP may be removed.

If the pad electrode ELP is formed of a material which is not easilyoxidized, a process step shown in FIG. 20A may be omitted.

If the pad electrode ELP is formed of a material, for example, copper(Cu) which is easily oxidized, copper (Cu) may be oxidized on theexposed side of the pad electrode ELP to form a copper oxide layer.Thus, as shown in FIG. 20A, a process for removing the copper oxidelayer formed on the exposed side of the pad electrode ELP may beperformed.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 20A, the side of the pad electrode ELP maybe dipped in a palladium (Pd) aqueous solution for forming a seed in astate where the oxide layer is removed from the side of the padelectrode ELP.

Hence, palladium (Pd) contained in the palladium (Pd) aqueous solutionmay be adhered to the side of the pad electrode ELP to form seeds 540 asshown in FIG. 20C. In this instance, the seed 540 may be formed ofpalladium (Pd).

In the example shown in FIGS. 20A-20C, the seeds 540 are formed usingpalladium (Pd). However, other metal materials may be used for the seeds540.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 21A, the side of the pad electrode ELPhaving the seeds 540 formed thereon may be dipped in an electrolytesolution 550. The electrolyte solution 550 may contain a metal materialfor forming the side electrode 150. For example, the electrolytesolution 550 may be an Ag-acetate aqueous solution.

As described above, when the side of the pad electrode ELP with theseeds 540 formed thereon is dipped in the electrolyte solution 550, themetal material contained in the electrolyte solution 550 may be gatheredat the seeds 540 and the side of the pad electrode ELP and thus may begrown as the side electrode 150 as shown in FIG. 21B.

The seeds 540 may be used to reduce time required in the process forforming the side electrode 150 by improving a growth rate of the sideelectrode 150.

As shown in FIG. 21B, the seeds 540 may be positioned between the sideof the pad electrode ELP and the side electrode 150.

For example, the seeds 540 may be formed of palladium (Pd), the sideelectrode 150 may be formed of silver (Ag), and the pad electrode ELPmay be formed of copper (Cu). In this instance, the seeds 540 containinga material different from the pad electrode ELP and/or the sideelectrode 150 may be formed between the pad electrode ELP and the sideelectrode 150.

The structure and the shape of the side electrode 150 formed in thismanner may be similar to that shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B.

As shown in FIG. 22, a protective electrode 150C may be formed on thesurface of the pad electrode ELP. More specifically, the side electrode150 may include a base electrode 150B and the protective electrode 150Ccoated on the surface of the base electrode 150B.

The base electrode 150B may be positioned at one end of the padelectrode ELP. Namely, the base electrode 150B may be connected to oneend of the pad electrode ELP. A thickness D3 of the protective electrode150C may be less than a thickness D2 of the base electrode 150B in thehorizontal direction (i.e., the second direction DR2 or the thirddirection DR3). The protective electrode 150C may contain a materialwhich is less easily oxidized than the material of the pad electrode ELPand/or the base electrode 150B. Namely, the protective electrode 150Cmay prevent the oxidization of the base electrode 150B. For example, theprotective electrode 150C may contain nickel (Ni) or gold (Au).

The protective electrode 150C may be formed using a plating method suchas that described above.

For example, after the base electrode 150B is formed on the side of thepad electrode ELP using the method shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, theprotective electrode 150C may be formed on the surface of the baseelectrode 150B using the method shown in FIGS. 20A through 21B.

In this instance, as shown in FIG. 23, other seeds 560 may be formedbetween the base electrode 150B and the protective electrode 150C. Theseeds 560 formed between the base electrode 150B and the protectiveelectrode 150C may be formed of the same material as the seeds 540formed between the pad electrode ELP and the base electrode 150B.

An area of the side electrode 150 may sufficiently increase so as toefficiently provide for the electrical connection between the sideelectrode 150 and the flexible substrate.

In certain embodiments, as shown in FIG. 24, the side electrode 150 mayinclude a portion positioned on the side of the first substrate 100 anda portion positioned on the side of the second substrate 110. Simply forease of explanation, in the following examples, the first direction DR1will be considered the vertical direction, and the second and thirddirections DR2 and DR3 will be considered perpendicular horizontaldirections. However, it is understood that directions may be adjusted asnecessary for a particular orientation of the display panel 10.

In this instance, a width D4 of the side electrode 150 in the verticaldirection (i.e., the first direction DR1) may be greater than a widthD10 of the pad electrode ELP in the horizontal direction (i.e., thesecond direction DR2 or the third direction DR3). Further, the width D4of the side electrode 150 in the vertical direction (i.e., the firstdirection DR1) may be greater than a width D5 of the side electrode 150in the horizontal direction (i.e., the second direction DR2 or the thirddirection DR3).

Further, the width D4 of the side electrode 150 in the verticaldirection (i.e., the first direction DR1) may be greater than a distanceD6 between the adjacent side electrodes 150. A distance D8 between theside electrode 150 and the end of the first substrate 100 in thevertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1) may be less than thedistance D6 between the adjacent side electrodes 150. Further, adistance D7 between the side electrode 150 and the end of the secondsubstrate 110 in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1)may be less than the distance D6 between the adjacent side electrodes150.

When the pad electrode ELP is formed on the first substrate 100, thedistance D8 between the side electrode 150 and the end of the firstsubstrate 100 in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1)may be less than the distance D7 between the side electrode 150 and theend of the second substrate 110 in the vertical direction (i.e., thefirst direction DR1).

A cross-sectional area of the pad electrode ELP may sufficientlyincrease so as to sufficiently reduce an electrical resistance at aboundary between the pad electrode ELP and the side electrode 150. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 25, a width D10 of the pad electrode ELP inthe horizontal direction (i.e., the second direction DR2 or the thirddirection DR3) may be greater than a distance D11 between the adjacentpad electrodes ELP.

The side electrode 150 may include a gate side electrode 150G connectedto one end of the gate pad electrode GLP and a data side electrode 150Dconnected to one end of the data pad electrode DLP.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B, the data side electrode 150Dmay be disposed on the side of the display panel 10 in the area aroundthe second long side LS2 of the display panel 10. The data sideelectrode 150D may be connected to the data pad electrode DLP.

Because the data pad electrode DLP is formed on the first substrate 100,a distance D13 between the data side electrode 150D and the end of thefirst substrate 100 in the vertical direction (i.e., the first directionDR1) may be less than a distance D12 between the data side electrode150D and the end of the second substrate 110 in the vertical direction(i.e., the first direction DR1).

Alternatively, the distance D13 between the data side electrode 150D andthe end of the first substrate 100 in the vertical direction (i.e., thefirst direction DR1) may be almost equal to the distance D12 between thedata side electrode 150D and the end of the second substrate 110 in thevertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1) depending on themanufacturing method.

As shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B, the gate side electrode 150G may bedisposed on the side of the display panel 10 in the area around thesecond short side SS2 of the display panel 10. The gate side electrode150G may be connected to the gate pad electrode GLP. Because the gatepad electrode GLP is formed on the first substrate 100, a distance D15between the gate side electrode 150G and the end of the first substrate100 in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1) may beless than a distance D14 between the gate side electrode 150G and theend of the second substrate 110 in the vertical direction (i.e., thefirst direction DR1).

Alternatively, the distance D15 between the gate side electrode 150G andthe end of the first substrate 100 in the vertical direction (i.e., thefirst direction DR1) may be almost equal to the distance D14 between thegate side electrode 150G and the end of the second substrate 110 in thevertical direction (i.e., the first direction DR1) depending on themanufacturing method.

As shown in FIG. 28, a width H2 of the side electrode 150 in thevertical direction DR1 may be greater than a width H1 of the sideelectrode 150 in the horizontal direction DR2 or DR3, so as to increasea contact area between the side electrode 150 and the flexiblesubstrate.

As shown in FIG. 29, the data side electrode 150D may be disposed on thesecond long side LS2 of the display panel 10, a first gate sideelectrode 150G1 of the gate side electrode 150G may be disposed on thefirst short side SS1 of the display panel 10, and a second gate sideelectrode 150G2 of the gate side electrode 150G may be disposed on thesecond short side SS2 of the display panel 10.

In this instance, the gate pad electrodes GLP may be respectively formedon the first short side SS1 and the second short side SS2 of the firstsubstrate 100. For example, as shown in FIG. 30, odd-numbered gate padelectrodes GLP (for example, first, third, . . . , and (n−1)th gate padelectrodes GLP1, GLP3, . . . , and GLPn−1) of the plurality of gate padelectrodes GLP may be positioned on the second short side SS2 of thefirst substrate 100, where ‘n’ is an even natural number. Further,even-numbered gate pad electrodes GLP (for example, second, fourth, . .. , and nth gate pad electrodes GLP2, GLP4, . . . , and GLPn) of theplurality of gate pad electrodes GLP may be positioned on the firstshort side SS1 of the first substrate 100, where ‘n’ is an even naturalnumber.

The first short side SS1 of the first substrate 100 may be cut along aneleventh cutting line CL11 and the second short side SS2 of the firstsubstrate 100 may be cut along a tenth cutting line CL10, so as toexpose one end of the gate pad electrode GLP to each of the first andsecond short sides SS1 and SS2 of the display panel 10.

As described above, when the gate pad electrodes GLP are respectivelydisposed on the first and second short sides SS1 and SS2 of the firstsubstrate 100, a cross-sectional area of each gate pad electrode GLP maysufficiently increase.

As shown in FIG. 31, a first data side electrode 150D1 of the data sideelectrode 150D may be disposed on the first long side LS1 of the displaypanel 10, a second data side electrode 150D2 of the data side electrode150D may be disposed on the second long side LS2 of the display panel10, the first gate side electrode 150G1 of the gate side electrode 150Gmay be disposed on the first short side SS1 of the display panel 10, andthe second gate side electrode 150G2 of the gate side electrode 150G maybe disposed on the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10.

In this instance, the gate pad electrodes GLP may be respectivelydisposed on the first and second short sides SS1 and SS2 of the firstsubstrate 100, and the data pad electrodes DLP may be respectivelydisposed on the first and second long sides LS1 and LS2 of the firstsubstrate 100. For example, as shown in FIG. 32, odd-numbered data padelectrodes DLP (for example, first, third, . . . , and (n−1)th data padelectrodes DLP1, DLP3, . . . , and DLPn−1) of the plurality of data padelectrodes DLP may be positioned on the first long side LS1 of the firstsubstrate 100. Further, even-numbered data pad electrodes DLP (forexample, second, fourth, . . . , and nth data pad electrodes DLP2, DLP4,. . . , and DLPn) of the plurality of data pad electrodes DLP may bepositioned on the second long side LS2 of the first substrate 100.

The first long side LS1 of the first substrate 100 may be cut along atwelfth cutting line CL12 and the second long side LS2 of the firstsubstrate 100 may be cut along a thirteenth cutting line CL13, so as toexpose one end of the data pad electrode DLP to each of the first andsecond long sides LS1 and LS2 of the display panel 10.

As described above, when the data pad electrodes DLP are respectivelydisposed on the first and second long sides LS1 and LS2 of the firstsubstrate 100, a cross-sectional area of each data pad electrode DLP maysufficiently increase.

FIGS. 33 to 62 illustrate a portion of a display device in which aflexible substrate is connected to the side of a display panel. In thefollowing description, descriptions of the structure described above areomitted.

As shown in FIG. 33, a display device 2000 according to an embodiment asbroadly described herein may include a display panel 10 and a flexiblesubstrate 600 attached to the side of the display panel 10. Furtherdetailed description of the display panel 10 may be briefly made or maybe entirely omitted. Examples of the flexible substrate 600 may includea flexible circuit board for a tape carrier package (TCP), a flexibleprinted circuit (FPC) board, or a chip-on film (COF).

In certain embodiments, the flexible substrate 600 may electricallyconnect a driver supplying a driving signal to pad electrodes ELP. Forthis, the flexible substrate 600 may be electrically connected to a sideelectrode 150 formed on the side of the display panel 10. For this, theflexible substrate 600 may include a connection electrode 620.

As shown in FIG. 34A, the flexible substrate 600 may be divided into afirst connection area CA1 corresponding to the side electrode 150, asecond connection area CA2 corresponding to the driver, and a middlearea MA positioned between the first connection area CA1 and the secondconnection area CA2. A transmission line 650 may be formed in the middlearea MA. The connection electrode 620 for electrical connection with theside electrode 150 may be disposed in the first connection area CA1. Anelectrode 640 for electrical connection with the driver may be disposedin the second connection area CA2.

An integrated circuit (IC) module 650, which performs a predeterminedswitching operation or supplies a predetermined driving signal to thedisplay panel 10 in response to a predetermined control signal suppliedby the driver, may be disposed in the middle area MA. In certainembodiments, the IC module 650 may be omitted.

The transmission line 650 formed in the middle area MA may electricallyconnect the connection electrode 620 formed in the first connection areaCA1 to the electrode 640 formed in the second connection area CA2. Theconnection electrode 620, the transmission line 650, and the electrode640 formed on the flexible substrate 600 may be commonly referred to asan electrode.

As shown in FIG. 34B, which is a cross-sectional view of the flexiblesubstrate 600, the flexible substrate 600 may include a base layer 610having flexibility, the electrodes 620, 640, and 650 positioned on thebase layer 610, and a cover layer 660 including a portion covering theelectrodes 620, 640, and 650. The cover layer 660 may have flexibility.The electrodes 620, 640, and 650 may include a portion (i.e., theconnection electrode 620) connected to the side electrode 150. The baselayer 610 and the cover layer 660 may contain a resin material havingthe flexibility, so that the flexible substrate 600 may bend.

FIG. 34B shows an example where the electrodes 620, 640, and 650 of theflexible substrate 600 each have a single-layered structure. However,embodiments not limited thereto. For example, the electrodes 620, 640,and 650 of the flexible substrate 600 may have a multi-layeredstructure.

At least one of the base layer 610 or the cover layer 660 of theflexible substrate 600 may contain a black material. In this instance,the flexible substrate 600 may be black. Thus, even if the flexiblesubstrate 600 is exposed, view of the display panel will not beobstructed by the flexible substrate 600.

The electrical connection between the flexible substrate 600 and theside electrode 150 may be performed using various methods, to bedescribed below.

As shown in FIG. 35, a metal layer 700 may be disposed between the sideelectrode 150 and the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate600. The metal layer 700 may electrically connect the side electrode 150with the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600. Themetal layer 700 may be manufactured using, for example, an organic metalcompound by a process described below.

As shown in FIG. 36, the side electrode 150 may be formed on the side ofthe display panel 10 after a cutting process, and then an organicmaterial containing a metal material may be applied to the sideelectrode 150, thereby forming an organic metal layer 701.Alternatively, sheets formed of an organic material containing a metalmaterial may be laminated on the side of the display panel 10 to formthe organic metal layer 701.

In certain embodiments, the organic metal layer 701 may be formed of theorganic metal compound. The organic metal compound may be a materialincluding a chemical bonding between a metal and carbon and may beformed by distributing a metal material of nanounit into an organicmaterial.

The metal applicable to the organic metal compound may be a materialwith high electrical conductivity, for example, silver (Ag), gold (Au),and palladium (Pd).

The organic metal compound may further include an organic solvent, abinder, etc. in addition to the metal material. The applicable organicmetal compound may be an organic metal compound of a solid state and aliquid state manufactured by mixing or reacting metal alkoxide, metalacetate, a metal compound containing a metal acid compound and ethyleneglycol, propanediol and its derivative, butanediol and its derivative,pentanediol and its derivative, and diol containing hexanol at apredetermined mole percent and using trimethyl phosphate (TMP), triethylphosphate (TEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) as an additive.

The organic metal layer 701 shown in FIG. 36 may be formed using theabove organic metal compound. The organic metal layer 701 may cover theside electrode 150 on the side of the display panel 10. Afterwards, theflexible substrate 600 may be disposed on the organic metal layer 701,and a pressure may be applied to the flexible substrate 600 at apredetermined temperature.

When an ambient temperature is greater than or equal to a criticaltemperature, the chemical bonding between the metal material and carbonin the organic metal compound forming the organic metal layer 701 may bebroken. The metal material may be gathered between the side electrode150 and the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600 toform the metal layer 700.

In certain embodiments, as shown in FIG. 37A, the organic metal layer701 containing a metal material 702 may be formed on the side of thedisplay panel 10, and then a pressure may be applied to the flexiblesubstrate 600 disposed on the organic metal layer 701 at a temperatureof about 120 to 300° C. for about 5 seconds to two minutes. In certainembodiments, the pressure may be applied to the flexible substrate 600disposed on the organic metal layer 701 at a temperature of about 180°C. for about 5 seconds to 30 seconds. In this instance, the organicsolvent contained in the organic metal layer 701 may be evaporated, andthe nanoscale metal materials may be sufficiently gathered between theside electrode 150 and the connection electrode 620 of the flexiblesubstrate 600 to form the metal layer 700.

As shown in FIG. 37B, epoxy, acrylic, etc. may remain around the metallayer 700 to form an organic layer 703. Namely, the organic layer 703may contain an acrylic material and/or an epoxy material. Because theorganic layer 703 has adhesion, the organic layer 703 may firmly attachthe flexible substrate 600 to the side of the display panel 10. Further,the organic layer 703 may contain a component which is not contained inthe metal layer 700 in the metal material 702 contained in the organicmetal layer 701.

As described above, when the organic metal compound is used toelectrically connect the side electrode 150 to the connection electrode620 of the flexible substrate 600, the metal layer 700 may be formedbetween the side electrode 150 and the connection electrode 620 of theflexible substrate 600 to more efficiently maintain the electricalconnection between the side electrode 150 and the connection electrode620 of the flexible substrate 600. Further, the flexible substrate 600may be firmly attached to the side of the display panel 10 by formingthe organic layer 703 around the metal layer 700.

As shown in FIG. 38, the side electrode 150 may directly contact theconnection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600. For example, atleast one of the side electrode 150 or the connection electrode 620 maybe melted at a contact surface between the side electrode 150 of thedisplay panel 10 and the connection electrode 620 of the flexiblesubstrate 600 to bring the side electrode 150 into contact with theconnection electrode 620. An ultrasonic wave may be used to bond theside electrode 150 to the connection electrode 620 of the flexiblesubstrate 600 so that they directly contact each other.

As shown in FIG. 39, the flexible substrate 600 including the connectionelectrode 620 may be positioned on the side of the display panel 10 onwhich the side electrode 150 is formed. An ultrasonic wave may beirradiated onto a bonding portion between the side electrode 150 and theconnection electrode 620 using an ultrasonic head 800.

The side electrode 150 and/or the connection electrode 620 may be melteddue to friction between the side electrode 150 and the connectionelectrode 620 and thus may be electrically bonded to each other in theform shown in FIG. 38.

As described above, when an ultrasonic bonding method using anultrasonic wave is used in establishing the electrical bonding betweenthe side electrode 150 and the connection electrode 620, the sideelectrode 150 and/or the connection electrode 620 may be melted and thusmay be directly bonded to each other. Hence, an adhesive strengthbetween the side electrode 150 and the connection electrode 620 may beimproved.

In certain embodiments, the ultrasonic bonding method may be performedat a relatively high temperature so as to more easily bond the sideelectrode 150 to the connection electrode 620. For example, theultrasonic bonding method may be performed at a relatively hightemperature of about 130° C. to 150° C.

As shown in FIG. 40, an adhesive layer 900 including a plurality ofconductive particles 901 may be disposed between the side electrode 150and the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600, therebyelectrically connecting the side electrode 150 to the connectionelectrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600.

The adhesive layer 900 may be, for example, an anisotropic conductiveadhesive or an anisotropic conductive adhesive sheet. In this instance,the adhesive layer 900 including the conductive particles 901 may bedisposed between the side electrode 150 and the connection electrode 620of the flexible substrate 600, and a pressure of about 2 to 4 Pa may beapplied to the flexible substrate 600 at a temperature of at least 180°C. for about 8 to 15 seconds, thereby electrically connecting the sideelectrode 150 to the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate600.

The pad electrodes ELP may respectively correspond to the connectionelectrodes 620 of the flexible substrate 600. For example, as shown inFIG. 41, a first connection electrode 620 a of the connection electrodes620 formed on the flexible substrate 600 may correspond to a firstelectrode line EL1 and a first pad electrode ELP1 of the display panel10, and a second connection electrode 620 b may correspond to a secondelectrode line EL2 and a second pad electrode ELP2 of the display panel10. In this instance, the driving signal may be supplied to the firstelectrode line EL1 through the first connection electrode 620 a, and thedriving signal may be supplied to the second electrode line EL2 throughthe second connection electrode 620 b.

Each flexible substrate 600 may correspond to the plurality of electrodelines EL. For example, as shown in FIG. 42, a first flexible substrate600-1 may correspond to a first data line group DLG1 including theplurality of data lines DL, and a second flexible substrate 600-2 maycorrespond to a second data line group DLG2 including the plurality ofdata lines DL. The above configuration made use of the data lines DL asthe electrode lines EL. However, the above configuration may be appliedto the gate lines GL.

As shown in FIG. 42, the first data line group DLG1 may correspond to afirst data pad electrode group DLPG1, and the second data line groupDLG2 may correspond to a second data pad electrode group DLPG2. Atravelling direction of at least one data line DL included in the dataline group DLG may change in the dummy area DA, so as to connect thedata line group DLG to the flexible substrate 600. For example, atravelling direction of the data line DL included in the first data linegroup DLG1 may change, so as to reduce a distance between the adjacentdata lines DL belonging to the first data line group DLG1. An area, inwhich a travelling direction of the electrode line EL changes, may bereferred to as the dummy area DA or the bezel area.

As shown in FIG. 43, a plurality of flexible substrates 600-1 to 600-4may be attached to the side of the display panel 10. A width S1 of theflexible substrate 600 in the horizontal direction DR2 or DR3 may begreater than a distance S2 between adjacent flexible substrates 600.

As described above, when the distance S2 between the adjacent flexiblesubstrates 600 in the horizontal direction DR2 or DR3 decreases, thesize of the area in which the travelling direction of the electrode lineEL changes may also decrease. Hence, the size of the bezel area mayfurther decrease.

As shown in FIG. 44, a width of the data line group DLG in a directioncrossing (vertical to) the data line DL may be greater than a width ofthe data pad electrode group DLPG corresponding to the data line groupDLG. For example, a width S3 of the first data line group DLG1 in adirection crossing (vertical to) the data line DL may be greater than awidth S4 of the first data pad electrode group DLPG1 corresponding tothe first data line group DLG1.

Further, a width of the data pad electrode group DLPG may be greaterthan a distance between the adjacent data pad electrode groups DLPG. Forexample, the width S4 of the first data pad electrode group DLPG1 in thedirection crossing (vertical to) the data line DL may be greater than adistance S5 between the first data pad electrode group DLPG1 and thesecond data pad electrode group DLPG2. In FIG. 44, the distance S5between the first data pad electrode group DLPG1 and the second data padelectrode group DLPG2 may be a distance between an a-th data padelectrode DLPa closest to the second data pad electrode group DLPG2among the data pad electrodes belonging to the first data pad electrodegroup DLPG1 and an (a+1)th data pad electrode DLPa+1 closest to thefirst data pad electrode group DLPG1 among the data pad electrodesbelonging to the second data pad electrode group DLPG2.

A width S6 of an area (for example, the dummy area), in which atravelling direction of the data line DL changes in a directionhorizontal to the data line DL, may be less than the distance S5 betweenthe adjacent data pad electrode groups DLPG. In this instance, the sizeof the bezel area may further decrease.

As shown in FIG. 45, the electrode line EL and the pad electrode ELP maybe positioned on a straight line without a change in the travellingdirection of the electrode line EL. In this instance, the size of thebezel area may further decrease.

The flexible substrate 600 may include a gate flexible substrate 600Gelectrically connected to the gate side electrode 150G and a dataflexible substrate 600D electrically connected to the data sideelectrode 150D.

For example, as shown in FIG. 46, the gate side electrode 150G may bedisposed on the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10, and thegate flexible substrate 600G may be electrically connected to the gateside electrode 150G. Further, the data side electrode 150D may bedisposed on the second long side LS2 of the display panel 10, and thedata flexible substrate 600D may be electrically connected to the dataside electrode 150D.

As shown in FIG. 47, it is assumed that the data side electrode 150D isdisposed on the second long side LS2 of the display panel 10, the firstgate side electrode 150G1 of the gate side electrode 150G is disposed onthe first short side SS1 of the display panel 10, and the second gateside electrode 150G2 of the gate side electrode 150G is disposed on thesecond short side SS2 of the display panel 10.

In this instance, a first gate flexible substrate 600G1 may beelectrically connected to the first gate side electrode 150G1, and asecond gate flexible substrate 600G2 may be electrically connected tothe second gate side electrode 150G2.

In the exemplary arrangement shown in FIG. 48, the first data sideelectrode 150D1 of the data side electrode 150D is disposed on the firstlong side LS1 of the display panel 10, the second data side electrode150D2 of the data side electrode 150D is disposed on the second longside LS2 of the display panel 10, the first gate side electrode 150G1 ofthe gate side electrode 150G is disposed on the first short side SS1 ofthe display panel 10, and the second gate side electrode 150G2 of thegate side electrode 150G is disposed on the second short side SS2 of thedisplay panel 10. In this instance, a first data flexible substrate600D1 may be electrically connected to the first data side electrode150D1, and a second data flexible substrate 600G2 may be electricallyconnected to the second data side electrode 150D2.

Each flexible substrate 600 may be electrically connected to theplurality of side electrodes 150. Hence, the flexible substrate 600 inan area between the adjacent side electrodes 150 may be connected to theside of the display panel 10.

For example, as shown in FIG. 50, which is a cross-sectional view takenalong line A1-A2 of FIG. 49 passing through the side electrode 150 inthe vertical direction DR1 in a state where the flexible substrate 600is connected to the side electrode 150, the side electrode 150 may beconnected to the connection electrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600.In this instance, a first adhesive layer 1000 may be disposed betweenthe first substrate 100 and the flexible substrate 600 so as to improvean adhesive strength between the flexible substrate 600 and the displaypanel 10.

As shown in FIG. 51, a second adhesive layer 1010 may be additionallydisposed between the second substrate 110 and the flexible substrate 600so as to improve adhesion between the flexible substrate 600 and thedisplay panel 10.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 52, which is a cross-sectional viewtaken along line B1-B2 of FIG. 49 passing through an area between theadjacent side electrodes 150 in the vertical direction DR1 in a statewhere the flexible substrate 600 is connected to the side electrode 150,the flexible substrate 600 may be attached to at least one of the firstsubstrate 100, the second substrate 110, the seal 120, or the padelectrode ELP. For this, a third adhesive layer 1020 may be disposedbetween the side of the display panel 10 and the flexible substrate 600.The third adhesive layer 1020 may include a portion positioned on thesides of the first substrate 100, the second substrate 110, the seal120, and/or the pad electrode ELP.

As described above, the adhesive layer or the adhesive sheet may attachthe flexible substrate 600 to the side of the display panel 10.

For example, as shown in FIG. 53, an adhesive sheet 1100 having a hole1110 exposing the side electrode 150 may be attached to the side of thedisplay panel 10, with the side electrode 150 formed on the side of thedisplay panel 10.

The adhesive sheet 1100 may include first, second and third adhesivelayers 1000, 1010, and 1020.

On the other hand, as described above with reference to FIGS. 36 and 37,when the flexible substrate 600 is connected to the side electrode 150using the organic metal compound, the organic layer 703 having theadhesion is additionally employed, and thus the adhesive sheet 1100 maybe omitted.

Further, as described above with reference to FIG. 40, when the adhesivelayer 900 including the conductive particles 901 is used, the adhesivesheet 1100 may be omitted.

The connection electrode 620 may have as wide an area as possible, so asto reduce an electrical resistance between the connection electrode 620of the flexible substrate 600 and the side electrode 150.

For example, as shown in FIG. 54B, a width S9 of the connectionelectrode 620 in the vertical direction DR1 may be greater than a widthS10 of the seal 120 in the vertical direction DR1 by a predeterminedlength S11. In this instance, a contact area between the connectionelectrode 620 of the flexible substrate 600 and the side electrode 150may increase.

As shown in FIG. 55, the flexible substrate 600 may include a portionwhich extends further than the front surface of the second substrate 110in the vertical direction DR1 by a predetermined length R1. In thisinstance, a length of the flexible substrate 600 may sufficientlyincrease.

A resin layer may be formed on the side of the display panel 10, so asto firmly connect the flexible substrate 600 to the display panel 10.

For example, as shown in FIG. 56, a resin layer 1200 covering at least aportion of the flexible substrate 600 may be formed at the edge of thedisplay panel 10 and extend in the horizontal direction DR2 or DR3. Theresin layer 1200 may cover a portion of the second substrate 110 and/ora portion of the seal 120. The resin layer 1200 may contain aphotosensitive material. The resin layer 1200 may contain a black dye,so that the flexible substrate 600 is not seen.

As shown in FIGS. 57 and 58, the resin layer 1200 may include a portionpositioned on the front surface FS of the second substrate 110. In otherwords, the resin layer 1200 may include a first portion 1210 positionedon the side of the display panel 10 and a second portion 1220 positionedin the front of the display panel 10. The first portion 1210 of theresin layer 1200 may cover at least a portion of the flexible substrate600.

As described above, when the resin layer 1200 includes the secondportion 1220 positioned in the front of the display panel 10, thestructural stability of the display panel 10 may be improved because theresin layer 1200 covers the end of the flexible substrate 600, even ifthe flexible substrate 600 includes a portion extending beyond the frontsurface of the display panel 10.

As shown in FIG. 59, a film type filter 1300 may be attached to thefront surface of the second substrate 110 of the display panel 10. Thefilm type filter 1300 may be, for example, a polarizing filter or athree-dimensional (3D) filter. The second portion 1220 of the resinlayer 1200 may contact the film type filter 1300. The resin layer 1200may be contoured to surround the edge of the display panel 10.

In the example shown in FIG. 60, the gate side electrode 150G is formedin the area around the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10,and the gate flexible substrate 600G is connected to the gate sideelectrode 150G. In this instance, a first resin layer 1200A may bepositioned on the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10 and maycover at least a portion of the gate flexible substrate 600G. A secondresin layer 1200B may be positioned on the first short side SS1 of thedisplay panel 10 and may cover a portion of the second substrate 110.

As shown in FIG. 61, the film type filter 1300 attached to the frontsurface of the second substrate 110 may extend to the side of thedisplay panel 10. In this instance, the film type filter 1300 may covera portion of the flexible substrate 600.

As described above, when the film type filter 1300 extends to the sideof the display panel 10, the resin layer 1200 may be formed to cover anend of the film type filter 1300 and a portion of the flexible substrate600.

FIGS. 63 to 74 illustrate a display device according to anotherexemplary embodiment as broadly described herein. In the followingdescription, the descriptions of the configuration and the structuredescribed above are omitted where appropriate, simply for sake ofbrevity. Further, in the following description, the exemplary embodimentemploys a liquid crystal display including a liquid crystal displaypanel as an example of the display device. However, the embodiment isnot limited thereto. For example, a backlight device may be omitted inthe following configuration.

As shown in FIG. 63, a display device 2000 according to an embodiment asbroadly described herein may include a display panel 10, a backlightdevice 11 including an optical layer 11A and a light source module 11B,and a cover 12. The optical layer 11A may be disposed between thedisplay panel 10 and the cover 12.

The optical layer 11A may include a plurality of sheets. For example,the optical layer 11A may include at least one of a prism sheet and/or adiffusion sheet.

The light source module 11B of the backlight device 11 may be disposedat a rear of the optical layer 11A. The backlight device 11 may includea light guide plate. The light source module 11B may include variouskinds of light sources. For example, the light sources of the lightsource part 11B may be one of a light emitting diode (LED) chip, a LEDpackage having at least one LED chip and the like. In this instance, thelight source may be a colored LED emitting at least one of red, green,and blue light or a white LED. The backlight device 11 may be one of adirect type backlight device or an edge type backlight device. The cover12 may be positioned at a rear of the backlight device 11. The cover 12may protect the backlight device 11 from an external impact and/or anexternal applied pressure.

As shown in FIG. 64, a bracket 1500 may be disposed on a back surface ofa first substrate 100 of the display panel 10. The bracket 1500 may beattached to the first substrate 100 using an adhesive layer 1510. Thebacklight device 11 including the optical layer 11A and the light sourcemodule 11B may be disposed on the bracket 1500. A frame 1520 may bedisposed at the rear of the backlight device 11. A driver 1530 may bedisposed on the frame 1520. The driver 1530 may be referred to as adriving board. A flexible substrate 600 may electrically connect a sideelectrode 150 formed on the side of the display panel 10 to the driver1530.

As shown in FIG. 65, the cover 12 may include a back wall 12A positionedat the rear of the display panel 10 and a side wall 12B positioned onthe side of the display panel 10. Namely, the cover 12 may cover therear and the side of the display panel 10. The back wall 12A and theside wall 12B of the cover 12 may be formed as a single body. Asdescribed above, at least one edge of a front surface FS of the displaypanel 10 may be exposed in a state where the cover 12 is disposed at therear of the display panel 10.

In this embodiment, the exposure of at least one edge of the frontsurface FS of the display panel 10 may indicate that when a viewer inthe front of the display device 2000 (for example, at a first positionP1) watches the display panel 10, the viewer may view the edge of thefront surface FS of the display panel 10. In this instance, a visualeffect, in which the screen size of the display device 2000 may appearto be greater than the actual screen size of the display device 2000,may be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 66, the cover 12 may be physically divided into theback wall 12A and the side wall 12B. In this instance, the back wall 12Aand the side wall 12B of the cover 12 may be fastened to each otherusing a fastener S100 such as, for example, a screw.

The cover 12 may be connected to the frame 1520. For example, as shownin FIG. 67, the back wall 12A of the cover 12 may be fastened to theframe 1520 using a predetermined fastener S200.

As shown in FIG. 68, the flexible substrate 600 may be exposed in anarea between the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and the display panel 10.For example, when the viewer in the front of the display device 2000watches the area between the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and thedisplay panel 10, the flexible substrate 600 may be visible.

As described above, when a base layer and/or a cover layer of theflexible substrate 600 contain a black material, the view may not beobstructed even if the flexible substrate 600 is exposed to the areabetween the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and the display panel 10.

As shown in FIG. 69, when a resin layer 1200 is formed at an edge of thedisplay panel 10, the resin layer 1200 may include a portion positionedbetween the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and the side of the displaypanel 10. An area between the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and the sideof the display panel 10 may be covered by the resin layer 1200. In thisinstance, the resin layer 1200 may also include a black material as adye.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 70, a buffer layer 1600 havingelasticity may be disposed between the side wall 12B of the cover 12 andthe side of the display panel 10. The buffer layer 1600 may be formed ofa material having elasticity, for example, a sponge material. The bufferlayer 1600 may prevent interference collision between the side wall 12Bof the cover 12 and the side of the display panel 10 and may preventforeign materials, such as dust, from entering between the side wall 12Bof the cover 12 and the side of the display panel 10. The buffer layer1600 may be substantially black. The buffer layer 1600 may be attachedto the side wall 12B of the cover 12. For this, an adhesive layer 1610may be disposed between the side wall 12B of the cover 12 and the bufferlayer 1600.

As shown in FIG. 71, the side wall 12B of the cover 12 may include aportion which protrudes beyond the front surface FS of the display panel10, i.e., a front surface of a second substrate 110 by a predeterminedheight X1 in a vertical direction DR1. In this instance, the side wall12B of the cover 12 may efficiently protect the side of the displaypanel 10.

As shown in FIGS. 72 and 73, the display device 2000 according to thisembodiment may further include a bottom cover 13. The bottom cover 13may be connected to the cover 12. As shown in FIG. 73, the side wall 12Bof the cover 12 may correspond to a first long side LS1, a first shortside SS1, and a second short side SS2 of the display panel 10. Thebottom cover 13 may be disposed on a second long side LS2 opposite thefirst long side LS1 of the display panel 10.

Hence, the side wall 12B of the cover 12 may cover the side of thedisplay panel 10 in an area around the first long side LS1, the firstshort side SS1, and the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10.The bottom cover 13 may cover the side of the display panel 10 in thearea around the second long side LS2 of the display panel 10.

The edge of the front surface of the display panel 10 may be exposed tothe first long side LS1, the second long side LS2, the first short sideSS1, and the second short side SS2 of the display panel 10. Morespecifically, because the flexible substrate 600 is attached to the sideof the display panel 10, the edge of the front surface of the displaypanel 10 may be exposed to the first long side LS1, the second long sideLS2, the first short side SS1, and the second short side SS2 of thedisplay panel 10.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 74, a data side electrode 150Dis disposed on the second long side LS2 of the display panel 10, a firstgate side electrode 150G1 of a gate side electrode 150G is disposed onthe first short side SS1 of the display panel 10, and a second gate sideelectrode 150G2 of the gate side electrode 150G is disposed on thesecond short side SS2 of the display panel 10. In this instance, a firstgate flexible substrate 600G1 may be electrically connected to the firstgate side electrode 150G1, and a second gate flexible substrate 600G2may be electrically connected to the second gate side electrode 150G2.

A data flexible substrate 600D may be disposed between the side of thedisplay panel 10 and the bottom cover 13 in the area around the secondlong side LS2 of the display panel 10. The first gate flexible substrate600G1 may be disposed between the side of the display panel 10 and theside wall 12B of the cover 12 in the area around the first short sideSS1 of the display panel 10.

Further, the second gate flexible substrate 600G2 may be disposedbetween the side of the display panel 10 and the side wall 12B of thecover 12 in the area around the second short side SS2 of the displaypanel 10. In this instance, the area around the first long side LS1, thefirst short side SS1, and the second short side SS2 of the display panel10 may be cut. Hence, the edge of the front surface of the display panel10 may be exposed to the first long side LS1, the second long side LS2,the first short side SS1, and the second short side SS2 of the displaypanel 10.

FIG. 75 illustrates an example of a piece of electronic equipment, towhich the display device according to embodiments as broadly describedherein may be applied. In the following description, previousdescriptions of the configuration and the structure are not repeated.Hereinafter, a broadcasting signal receiver may serve as an electronicdevice to which the display device, according to embodiments, isapplied. The display device, according to embodiments, may be applied toother electronic devices such as, for example, cell phones.

A display device 10 shown in FIG. 75 may correspond to the display paneland the display device shown in FIGS. 1 to 74.

As shown in FIG. 75, a broadcasting signal receiver 100Q according toembodiments as broadly described herein may include a broadcastingreceiver 105Q, an external device interface 135Q, a storage device 140Q,a user input interface 150Q, a controller 170Q, a display device 10, anaudio output device 185Q, a power supply device 190Q, and aphotographing device. The broadcasting receiver 105Q may include a tuner110Q, a demodulator 120Q, and a network interface 130Q.

If necessary, the broadcasting signal receiver 100Q may be designed sothat it includes the tuner 110Q and the demodulator 120Q and does notinclude the network interface 130Q. On the contrary, the broadcastingsignal receiver 100Q may be designed so that it includes the networkinterface 130Q and does not include the tuner 110Q and the demodulator120Q.

The tuner 110Q tunes a radio frequency (RF) broadcasting signal, whichcorresponds to a channel selected by the user or all of previouslystored channels, among RF broadcasting signals received through anantenna. Further, the tuner 110Q converts the tuned RF broadcastingsignal into a middle frequency signal, a base band image signal, or avoice signal.

The demodulator 120Q receives a digital IF signal converted by the tuner110Q and performs a demodulating operation.

A stream signal output by the demodulator 120Q may be input to thecontroller 170Q. The controller 170Q performs demultiplexing,image/voice signal processing, etc. Then, the controller 170Q outputs animage to the display device 10 and outputs a voice to the audio outputdevice 185Q.

The external device interface 135Q may connect an external device to thebroadcasting signal receiver 100Q. For this, the external deviceinterface 135Q may include an audio-visual (AV) input/output device or awireless communication device.

The network interface 130Q provides an interface for connecting thebroadcasting signal receiver 100Q to a wired/wireless network includingan internet network.

The network interface 130Q may correspond to the wireless communicationdevice, which was described in detail above.

The storage device 140Q may store a program for the signal processing ofthe controller 170Q and the control operation of the controller 170Q ormay store the processed image signal, the processed voice signal, or adata signal.

The user input interface 150Q may transfer the signal the user inputs tothe controller 170Q, or may transfer the signal from the controller 170Qto the user.

For example, the user input interface 150Q may receive and processcontrol signals indicating turn-on or turn-off operation, channelselection, screen setting, etc. from a remote controller 200Q based onvarious communication manners such as an RF communication manner and aninfrared communication manner. Alternatively, the user input interface150Q may operate so that the control signal from the controller 170Q istransmitted to the remote controller 200Q.

For example, the user input interface 150Q may transfer a controlsignal, which is input from a power key, a channel key, a volume key, alocal key, etc., to the controller 170Q.

The controller 170Q may perform the demultiplexing processing on thestream input through the tuner 110Q, the demodulator 120Q, or theexternal device interface 135Q or may perform the processing ofdemultiplexed signals, thereby generating or outputting the signals foroutputting the image or the voice.

The image signal processed by the controller 170Q may be input to thedisplay device 10 and may display an image corresponding to the imagesignal. Further, the image signal processed by the controller 170Q maybe input to an external output device through the external deviceinterface 135Q.

The voice signal processed by the controller 170Q may be output to theaudio output device 185Q. Further, the voice signal processed by thecontroller 170Q may be input to the external output device through theexternal device interface 135Q.

The controller 170Q may control the entire operation of the broadcastingsignal receiver 100Q. For example, the controller 170Q may control thetuner 110Q, so that the tuner 110Q tunes a RF broadcasting signalcorresponding to a channel selected by the user or a previously storedchannel.

The controller 170Q may control the broadcasting signal receiver 100Qusing a user command or an internal program input through the user inputinterface 150Q.

The display device 10 may convert the image signal, the data signal, andan OSD signal, which are processed by the controller 170Q, or the imagesignal and the data signal which are received from the external deviceinterface 135Q, into red, green, and blue signals and may generate adriving signal.

The audio output device 185Q may receive the voice signal (for example,stereo signal, 3.1 channel signal, or 5.1 channel signal) processed bythe controller 170Q and may output the voice.

The power supply device 190Q supplies the power required in all of thecomponents of the broadcasting signal receiver 100Q.

The remote controller 200Q transmits the user command the user inputs tothe user input interface 150Q. For this, the remote controller 200Q mayuse Bluetooth, RF communication, infrared communication, Ultra-wideband(UWB), Zigbee, etc.

The remote controller 200Q may receive the image, the voice, or the datasignal output from the user input interface 150Q and may display theimage, the voice, or the data signal or may output the voice or thevibration.

The broadcasting signal receiver 100Q may not include the tuner 110Q andthe demodulator 120Q. Further, the broadcasting signal receiver 100Q mayreceive image contents through the network interface 130Q or theexternal device interface 135Q and may reproduce the image contents.

In one embodiment, there is provided a display panel including a firstsubstrate on which an electrode line and a switching element aredisposed, a second substrate positioned opposite the first substrate, aseal part configured to attach the first substrate to the secondsubstrate, a pad electrode which is disposed at a position overlappingthe seal part in a vertical direction and is electrically connected tothe electrode line, and a side electrode which is connected to one endof the pad electrode and includes a portion positioned on the side ofthe seal part.

A width of the pad electrode may be greater than a width of theelectrode line.

One end of the pad electrode and one end of the seal part may bedisposed on a straight line.

A width of the side electrode in the vertical direction may be greaterthan a width of the electrode line in a horizontal direction.

A width of the side electrode in the vertical direction may be greaterthan a distance between the adjacent side electrodes.

A distance between the side electrode and an end of the first substratein the vertical direction may be less than a distance between theadjacent side electrodes.

The side electrode may include a portion positioned on the side of thefirst substrate and a portion positioned on the side of the secondsubstrate.

The electrode line may include a gate line and a data line crossing thegate line. The pad electrode may include a gate pad electrodeelectrically connected to the gate line and a data pad electrodeelectrically connected to the data line. The side electrode may includea gate side electrode connected to one end of the gate pad electrode anda data side electrode connected to one end of the data pad electrode.

The gate pad electrode and the gate side electrode may be positioned ona short side of the first substrate. The data pad electrode and the dataside electrode may be positioned on a long side of the first substrate.

The side electrode may include a base electrode and a protectiveelectrode coated on the surface of the base electrode. The baseelectrode may contact the pad electrode.

A thickness of the protective electrode in a horizontal direction may beless than a thickness of the base electrode in the horizontal direction.

The side electrode may contain a material having electrical conductivitygreater than the electrode line and the pad electrode.

A color filter may be disposed on the second substrate.

The display panel may also include a flexible substrate which isattached to the side of the display panel and is electrically connectedto the side electrode.

A width of the flexible substrate in a horizontal direction may begreater than a distance between the adjacent flexible substrates.

The flexible substrate may include at least one of a portion attached tothe side of the first substrate, a portion attached to the side of theseal part, and a portion attached to the side of the second substrate.

The display panel may also include a resin layer configured to cover atleast a portion of the flexible substrate and a portion of the secondsubstrate.

The resin layer may include a first part positioned on the side of thedisplay panel and a second part positioned in the front of the displaypanel.

The display panel may also include a film type filter attached to afront surface of the second substrate. The second part of the resinlayer may contact the film type filter.

The display panel may also include a cover positioned in the rear of thedisplay panel. At least one edge of a front surface of the display panelmay be exposed.

Any reference in this specification to “one embodiment,” “anembodiment,” “example embodiment,” etc., means that a particularfeature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with theembodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Theappearances of such phrases in various places in the specification arenot necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when aparticular feature, structure, or characteristic is described inconnection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within thepurview of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, orcharacteristic in connection with other ones of the embodiments.

Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number ofillustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerousother modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled inthe art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles ofthis disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modificationsare possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subjectcombination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawingsand the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications inthe component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also beapparent to those skilled in the art.

What is claimed is:
 1. A display panel, comprising: a first substrate;at least one electrode line and at least one switching element disposedon the first substrate; a second substrate positioned opposite the firstsubstrate; a seal configured to attach the first substrate to the secondsubstrate; a pad electrode electrically connected to the at least oneelectrode line, the pad electrode vertically overlapping the seal; and aside electrode connected to a first end of the pad electrode, with afirst portion of the side electrode being positioned along an exteriorfacing side of the seal.
 2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein awidth of the pad electrode is greater than a width of the electrode lineto which it is connected.
 3. The display panel of claim 1, wherein asecond end of the pad electrode and a corresponding end of the seal aredisposed along a straight line.
 4. The display panel of claim 1, whereina width of the side electrode in a first direction is greater than awidth of the electrode line in a second direction, wherein the seconddirection is orthogonal to the first direction.
 5. The display panel ofclaim 1, wherein the at least one electrode line comprises a pluralityof electrode lines arranged on the first substrate, each of theplurality of electrode lines having a corresponding pad electrodeelectrically connected thereto, and each of the pad electrodes having acorresponding side electrode connected to a respective first endthereof, wherein a width of each side electrode in a first direction isgreater than a distance between adjacent side electrodes taken in asecond direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the firstdirection.
 6. The display panel of claim 5, wherein the side electrodecomprises a plurality of side electrodes respectively connected to firstends of a corresponding pad electrode, wherein a distance between eachside electrode and an end of the first substrate in the first directionis less than the distance between adjacent side electrodes.
 7. Thedisplay panel of claim 1, wherein the side electrode further comprises asecond portion positioned on an exterior facing side of the firstsubstrate and a third portion positioned on an exterior facing side ofthe second substrate.
 8. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the atleast one electrode line includes a gate line and a data line crossingthe gate line, wherein the pad electrode includes a gate pad electrodeelectrically connected to the gate line and a data pad electrodeelectrically connected to the data line, and wherein the side electrodeincludes a gate side electrode connected to an end of the gate padelectrode and a data side electrode connected to an end of the data padelectrode.
 9. The display panel of claim 8, wherein the first substrateincludes first and second long sides, a first short side extendingbetween respective first ends of the first and second long sides, and asecond short side extending between respective second ends of the firstand second long sides, wherein the gate pad electrode and the gate sideelectrode are positioned on one of the short sides of the firstsubstrate, and wherein the data pad electrode and the data sideelectrode are positioned on one of the long sides of the firstsubstrate.
 10. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the side electrodeincludes a base electrode and a protective electrode coated on a surfaceof the base electrode, wherein the base electrode contacts the padelectrode.
 11. The display panel of claim 10, wherein a thickness of thebase electrode, measured in a direction extending from a portion of thebase electrode contacting the pad electrode to a portion of the baseelectrode contacting the protective electrode, is greater than athickness of the protective electrode taken in the same direction. 12.The display panel of claim 1, wherein the side electrode contains amaterial having greater electrical conductivity than that of the atleast one electrode line and the pad electrode.
 13. The display panel ofclaim 1, further comprising a color filter disposed on the secondsubstrate.
 14. The display panel of claim 1, further comprising aflexible substrate attached to a side of the display panel andelectrically connected to the side electrode.
 15. The display panel ofclaim 14, wherein the flexible substrate comprises a plurality offlexible substrates attached to the side of the display panel, wherein awidth of each flexible substrate is greater than a distance betweenadjacent flexible substrates.
 16. The display panel of claim 14, whereinthe flexible substrate includes at least one of a portion attached to alateral side of the first substrate, a portion attached to the exteriorfacing side of the seal, or a portion attached to a lateral side of thesecond substrate.
 17. The display panel of claim 14, further comprisinga resin layer configured to cover at least a portion of the flexiblesubstrate and a portion of the second substrate.
 18. The display panelof claim 17, wherein the resin layer includes a first part positioned onthe side of the display panel and a second part positioned at a front ofthe display panel.
 19. The display panel of claim 18, further comprisinga film type filter attached to a front surface of the second substrate,wherein the second part of the resin layer contacts the film typefilter.
 20. The display panel of claim 1, further comprising a coverpositioned at a rear of the display panel, wherein at least one edge ofa front surface of the display panel is exposed with the cover coupledto the display panel.